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construct model

Толкование Перевод

1 construct model

конструировать модель

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > construct model
2 construct model

конструировать модель

Англо-русский технический словарь > construct model
3 construct model

Макаров: конструировать модель

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > construct model
4 model

1) модель

2) архитектурный макет
3) лепить
4) макетный
5) моделировать
6) модельный
7) образец
8) макет
9) создавать модель
10) образцовый
11) реализация
12) тип
13) шаблон
14) моделирование
15) построение модели
– atomic model
– automobile model
– band model
– basic model
– breadboard model
– classical model
– cloudy bag model
– Coleman-Glashow model
– collective model
– construct model
– cranking model
– crude model
– deterministic model
– development model
– direct-analogy model
– droplet model
– dummy model
– export model
– factor of a model
– fire model
– flutter model
– full-scale model
– glashow-iliopoulos-maiani model
– heat model
– hypersonic model
– iconic model
– indirect-analogy model
– ionospheric model
– Ising model
– Kane model
– large-scale model
– Lindhard-Scharff-Schiott model
– market model
– mathematical model
– matrix model
– model analysis
– model atmosphere
– model building
– model experiment
– model response
– model sampling
– model suspension
– model test
– model tested
– model universe
– model validation
– molecular model
– Nilsson model
– non-burning model
– persistence model
– physical model
– pilot model
– powered model
– proproduction model
– queueing model
– reference model
– refine model
– revise model
– scale model
– scaled-down model
– shell model
– spin model
– standard model
– stellar model
– stochastic model
– strain model
– tadpole model
– test model
– three-dimensional model
– track model
– valence-force model
– variational model

base automobile model — базовая модель автомобиля

coefficient of the model equation — <comput.> коэффициент модели

collective electron model — модель коллективизированных электронов

coupled channels model — модель сильной связи каналов

dynamically similar model — динамически подобная модель

geometrically similar model — геометрически подобная модель

hardware model library — библиотека аппаратных моделей

image force model — модель сил изображения

imaginary stereoscopic model — иллюзорная стереомодель

liquid drop model — <phys.> модель капельная

magnetic model suspension — магнитная подвеска модели

nuclear model of atom — ядерная модель атома

thermal model testing — тепловое моделирование

transitional automobile model — переходная модель автомобиля

united atom model — <phys.> модель эквивалентного атома

wind tunnel model — модель для продувок

Англо-русский технический словарь > model
5 construct

1) сооружать

2) восставить
3) строить
4) конструировать
5) сконструировать
6) составлять
– construct graph
– construct model
– construct perpendicular
– construct triangle

construct proof of theorem — доказывать теорему

Англо-русский технический словарь > construct
6 construct

verb

(to build; to put together: They are planning to construct a new supermarket near our house; Construct a sentence containing `although'.) construir

- construction
- constructive
- constructively
- constructor
- construction site
- construction worker

construct vb construir

to construct a bridge construir un puente

construct

tr[kəns'trʌkt]

transitive verb

1 (gen) construir; (model) armar, montar

construct [kən'strʌkt] vt

: construir

construct

v.

• alzar v.

• construir v.

• edificar v.

• erigir v.

• estructurar v.

• fabricar v.

• hacer v.

(§pres: hago, haces...) pret: hic-

pp: hecho

fut/c: har-•)

kən'strʌkt
transitive verb

a) ( build) (frml) construir*

b) ( put together) \<\<model\>\> armar, montar

1.

VT [kǝn'strʌkt]
construir
2.

N ['kɒnstrʌkt]
construcción f
* * *
[kən'strʌkt]
transitive verb

a) ( build) (frml) construir*

b) ( put together) \<\<model\>\> armar, montar

English-spanish dictionary > construct
7 model

1) модель; образец; форма; слепок; шаблон

2) примерный, типовой

3) формовать; создавать модель

•

to construct a model — конструировать модель

to present a model — представить модель

to strain a model — деформировать модель

to test a model — испытать модель

- alternative network model
- breadboard model - crude model - cut-away model - damage model - design model - determinate network model - economics model - engine model - experimental model - full-scale model - modern model - monitored model - network model - new model - pilot production model - reduced model - scale model - spatial model - strained model - summary network model - traditional network model - wire model - working model of overhead door
* * *

1.   модель, макет

2.   образец; шаблон; слепок

3.   модель, тип, марка конструкции

model compatible with the code provisions — модель, отвечающая требованиям технических условий [норм]
- assault model
- digital ground model
- empirical model
- finite element model of the shell
- full-scale model
- gross model
- hydraulic model
- movable-bed model
- offset model
- perspective spatial model
- relief model
- terrain model
- test model
- transient model

Англо-русский строительный словарь > model
8 construct

1. n книжн. конструкция,

great construct — великий замысел

branch-to-label construct — конструкция перехода по метке

2. n книжн. обобщённый образ

a false construct of the self — ложное представление о собственной личности

3. n книжн. мат. построение

4. v строить, сооружать, конструировать

to construct a house — построить дом

construct cover — сооружать укрытие

construct in wood — строить из дерева

5. v создавать, сочинять

to construct a theory — создать теорию

6. v грам. составлять

to construct — составлять

construct FX — составлять вольные упражнения

Синонимический ряд:

1. build (verb) assemble; build; compose; constitute; create; devise; envision; fabricate; fashion; forge; form; frame; make; manufacture; model; mold; mould; produce; put together; put up; raise; rear; shape; uprear; weave

2. erect (verb) build up; erect; establish; hammer out; set up

Антонимический ряд:

break; demolish; destroy; dismantle; overthrow; raze; ruin

English-Russian base dictionary > construct
9 construct a model

1) Математика: строить модель

2) Макаров: конструировать модель

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > construct a model
10 construct well model

Нефть и газ: спроектировать (составить) модель скважин(ы)

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > construct well model
11 конструировать модель

construct model

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > конструировать модель
12 assemble

ə'sembl
verb

1) ((of people) to come together: The crowd assembled in the hall.) reunirse

2) (to call or bring together: He assembled his family and told them of his plan.) reunir

3) (to put together (a machine etc): He assembled the model aeroplane.) montar

•

- assembly

assemble vb

1. reunir / reunirse

we assemble in the playground nos reunimos en el patio

2. montar / armar

the shelves are easy to assemble la estantería es fácil de montar

El gerundio de assemble se escribe assembling

assemble

tr[ə'sembəl]

transitive verb

1 (bring together - people) reunir; (- things) reunir, juntar; (- facts etc) recopilar, recoger

2 (put together) montar

3 SMALLCOMPUTING/SMALL ensamblar

intransitive verb

1 reunirse

assemble [ə'sɛmbəl] v, - bled ; - bling vt

1) gather: reunir, recoger, juntar

2) construct: ensamblar, montar, construir

assemble vi

: reunirse, congregarse

assemble

v.

• arbitrar v.

• armar v.

• aunar v.

• carear v.

• congregar v.

• convocar v.

• ensamblar v.

• espesar v.

• montar v.

• reunir v.

ə'sembəl
1.

transitive verb

a) ( construct) montar, ensamblar; \<\<model\>\> armar

b) ( get together) reunir*

c) ( gather) \<\<facts\>\> recopilar, recoger*; \<\<collection\>\> reunir*, acumular

d) ( Comput) ensamblar

2.

vi ( gather) reunirse*, congregarse* (frml)

[ǝ'sembl]
1. VT

1) (=bring together) [+ people, team, collection] reunir; [+ facts, evidence, ideas] recopilar; (Parl) convocar

the assembled dignitaries — los dignatarios reunidos, la reunión de dignatarios

2) (=put together) [+ device, machine, piece of furniture] armar, montar

2.

VI reunirse

* * *
[ə'sembəl]
1.

transitive verb

a) ( construct) montar, ensamblar; \<\<model\>\> armar

b) ( get together) reunir*

c) ( gather) \<\<facts\>\> recopilar, recoger*; \<\<collection\>\> reunir*, acumular

d) ( Comput) ensamblar

2.

vi ( gather) reunirse*, congregarse* (frml)

English-spanish dictionary > assemble
13 Stringfellow, John

SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace

[br]

b. 6 December 1799 Sheffield, England

d. 13 December 1883 Chard, England

[br]

English inventor and builder of a series of experimental model aeroplanes.

[br]

After serving an apprenticeship in the lace industry, Stringfellow left Nottingham in about 1820 and moved to Chard in Somerset, where he set up his own business. He had wide interests such as photography, politics, and the use of electricity for medical treatment. Stringfellow met William Samuel Henson, who also lived in Chard and was involved in lacemaking, and became interested in his "aerial steam carriage" of 1842–3. When support for this project foundered, Henson and Stringfellow drew up an agreement "Whereas it is intended to construct a model of an Aerial Machine". They built a large model with a wing span of 20 ft (6 m) and powered by a steam engine, which was probably the work of Stringfellow. The model was tested on a hillside near Chard, often at night to avoid publicity, but despite many attempts it never made a successful flight. At this point Henson emigrated to the United States. From 1848 Stringfellow continued to experiment with models of his own design, starting with one with a wing span of 10 ft (3m). He decided to test it in a disused lace factory, rather than in the open air. Stringfellow fitted a horizontal wire which supported the model as it gained speed prior to free flight. Unfortunately, neither this nor later models made a sustained flight, despite Stringfellow's efficient lightweight steam engine. For many years Stringfellow abandoned his aeronautical experiments, then in 1866 when the (Royal) Aeronautical Society was founded, his interest was revived. He built a steam-powered triplane, which was demonstrated "flying" along a wire at the world's first Aeronautical Exhibition, held at Crystal Palace, London, in 1868. Stringfellow also received a cash prize for one of his engines, which was the lightest practical power unit at the Exhibition. Although Stringfellow's models never achieved a really successful flight, his designs showed the way for others to follow. Several of his models are preserved in the Science Museum in London.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Member of the (Royal) Aeronautical Society 1868.

Bibliography

Many of Stringfellow's letters and papers are held by the Royal Aeronautical Society, London.

Further Reading

Harald Penrose, 1988, An Ancient Air: A Biography of John Stringfellow, Shrewsbury. A.M.Balantyne and J.Laurence Pritchard, 1956, "The lives and work of William Samuel Henson and John Stringfellow", Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society (June) (an attempt to analyse conflicting evidence).

M.J.B.Davy, 1931, Henson and Stringfellow, London (an earlier work with excellent drawings from Henson's patent).

"The aeronautical work of John Stringfellow, with some account of W.S.Henson", Aeronau-tical Classics No. 5 (written by John Stringfellow's son and held by the Royal Aeronautical Society in London).

JDS

Biographical history of technology > Stringfellow, John
14 Theory

   1) The Nature of Theory- Building

   Neurath has likened science to a boat which, if we are to rebuild it, we must rebuild plank by plank while staying aﬂoat in it. The philosopher and the scientist are in the same boat....

   Analyze theory-building how we will, we all must start in the middle. Our conceptual firsts are middle-sized, middle-distanced objects, and our introduction to them and to everything comes midway in the cultural evolution of the race. In assimilating this cultural fare we are little more aware of a distinction between report and invention, substance and style, cues and conceptualization, than we are of a distinction between the proteins and the carbohydrates of our material intake. Retrospectively we may distinguish the components of theory-building, as we distinguish the proteins and carbohydrates while subsisting on them. (Quine, 1960, pp. 4-6)

   2) The Functions of Theory in Science

   Theories are usually introduced when previous study of a class of phenomena has revealed a system of uniformities.... Theories then seek to explain those regularities and, generally, to afford a deeper and more accurate understanding of the phenomena in question. To this end, a theory construes those phenomena as manifestations of entities and processes that lie behind or beneath them, as it were. (Hempel, 1966, p. 70)

   3) The Nature of Construct Validity

   A strong approach [to construct validation] looks on construct validation as tough-minded testing of specific hypotheses:

   heoretical concepts are defined conceptually or implicitly by their role in a network of nomological or statistical "laws." The meaning is partially given by the theoretical network, however tentative and as yet impoverished that network may be. Crudely put, you know what you mean by an entity to the extent that statements about it in the theoretical language are linked to statements in the observational language. These statements are about where it's found, what it does, what it's made of. Only a few of those properties are directly tied to observables [p. 136]. In [an early] theory sketch, based upon some experience and data, everything said is conjectural. We have tentative notions about some indicators of the construct with unknown validities [p. 144]. [When we check up empirically on predictions from the model] we are testing the crude theory sketch, we are tightening the network psychometrically, and we are validating the indicators. All of these are done simultaneously [p. 149]. [Extracted with elisions and some paraphrase from Meehl & Golden, 1982.] (Cronbach, 1990, p. 183)

Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Theory
15 form

1. n форма; внешний вид; очертание

without shape or form — бесформенный

in any shape or form — в любом виде

in the form of a cube — в форме куба

work-and-tumble form — форма для печатания со своим оборотом

signature of a quadratic form — сигнатура квадратичной формы

normalized form — нормализованная форма; нормализованный вид

form transporter — тележка для транспортировки печатных форм

analytic form — аналитическая форма; аналитическое выражение

2. n фигура

well-proportioned form — пропорциональное сложение, хорошая фигура

3. n обличье

Proteus was able to appear in the form of any animal — Протей мог являться в обличье любого животного

4. n стать

5. n форма, вид

literary form — литературная форма

in tabular form — в виде таблицы

in the form of a sonnet — в форме сонета

in the form of a drama — в драматической форме

tooth form — форма зуба

form of combat — вид боя

form tie — обвязка формы

in the form of — в форме

long form — полная форма

6. n вид, разновидность; тип

forms of animal and vegetable life — формы животной и растительной жизни

balance sheets in account form — отчеты в виде счета

closed form solution — решение в аналитическом виде

displacement form — обводы водоизмещающего типа

tree form proof — доказательство в виде дерева

data in graph form — данные в виде графиков

7. n стиль, манера

his form in swimming is bad — он плавает плохо

poor form — нарушение стиля

form break — нарушение стиля

form work — работа над стилем исполнения

bad form — невоспитанность, вульгарность, плохие манеры

8. n состояние; форма; готовность

to round into form — приобретать спортивную форму

was in bad competition form — был в плохой спортивной форме

to distribute ink over the form — накатать краску на форму

regular form of marriage — законная форма вступления в брак

propeller form parameter — коэффициент формы гребного винта

multiple copy business form — многолистная конторская форма

9. n настроение, душевное состояние

Jack was in great form at the dinner party — Джек был в приподнятом настроении на званом обеде

crude form — необработанное состояние

diluted form — разбавленное состояние

undiluted form — неразбавленное состояние

suspended form — суспендированное состояние

10. n формальность; проформа

to attach importance to forms — придавать значение формальностям

11. n церемония, порядок

in due form — по всем правилам

in the form of order — в приказном порядке

in the prescribed form — в установленном порядке

12. n установившаяся форма выражения; формула

the form of greeting — формула приветствия

conjuctive normal form — конъюктивная нормальная форма; КНФ

to divorce form from matter — отрывать форму от содержания

to assume the original form — принять первоначальную форму

stripped a form — освободил форму от пробельного материала

manually maintained form — форма немашинизированного учета

13. n класс

upper forms — старшие классы

fifth form — пятый класс

first form — первый класс

sixth form — шестой класс

form class — формальный класс

fourth form — четвёртый класс

14. n форма, бланк, образец; анкета

printed form — печатный бланк

a form for a deed — бланк для соглашения

concept of form and space — концепция форм и пространства

strip a form — освобождать форму от пробельного материала

form truck — тележка для перевозки тяжелых шрифтовых форм

chargeback form — бланк распоряжения на возвратный платеж

two-up form — сдвоенная форма с одинаковым спуском полос

15. n нора

16. n грам. форма слова

implicative normal form — импликативная нормальная форма

disjunctive normal form — дизъюнктивная нормальная форма

combination form of virus — комбинированная форма вируса

carbonized form — конторская форма с копировальным слоем

snap-apart business form — «отрывная» конторская форма

17. n спец. форма исполнения

rondo form — форма рондо

growth form — форма роста

ice form — форма для льда

test form — пробная форма

arrest form — форма ареста

18. n спец. модель, тип, образец; торговый сорт

purchase order form — бланк торгового заказа

buoyant form — обводы водоизмещающего типа

planing form — обводы глиссирующего типа

form of government — образ правления

19. n спец. тех. форма для литья

form resistance — сопротивление формы

full size form — полноформатная форма

granular form — гранулированная форма

multilinear form — полилинейная форма

powdered form — порошкообразная форма

20. n спец. полигр. печатная форма

liquid form — жидкая форма

solid form — твердая форма

song form — песенная форма

form c relay — реле формы С

ganged form — сборная форма

21. n спец. стр. форма; опалубка

form removal — распалубка

description form — описательная форма

dropping the form — расключение формы

form face — рабочая поверхность формы

form of warfare — форма ведения войны

prevailing form — преобладающая форма

22. n спец. выражение

analytical form — аналитическое выражение

mathematical form — аналитическое выражение

23. v придавать форму, вид

to form a piece of wood into a certain shape — придавать куску дерева определённую форму

pure form — очищенный вид

in any form — в любой форме

latent form — скрытая форма

life form — жизненная форма

norm form — норменная форма

24. v принимать форму, вид

object form — форма объекта

on-line form — исходный вид

smooth form — гладкая форма

active form — активная форма

bound form — связанная форма

25. v составлять, образовывать; формировать

these parts together form a perfect whole — эти части образуют вместе гармоничное целое

the rain formed large pools on the lawn — от дождя на газоне образовались большие лужи

form the government — сформировать правительство

to form the government — сформировать правительство

form public opinion — формировать общественное мнение

form a joint venture — формировать совместное предприятие

26. v образовываться; формироваться

crystals formed in the retort — в реторте образовались кристаллы

form an angle with — образовывать угол

form the instruction — формировать команду

27. v грам. образовывать

to form the plural of a noun — образовать множественное число существительного

28. v создавать, составлять; формулировать

to form an idea — создавать себе представление

to form an opinion — составить мнение

form an union — создавать союз

form an alliance — создавать союз

form a pivot — создавать опорный район

29. v возникать, оформляться

the idea slowly formed in my mind — эта мысль постепенно становилась у меня более отчётливой

30. v представлять собой; являться

chocolate forms a wholesome substitute for staple food — шоколад является полноценным заменителем основных продуктов питания

31. v тренировать, дисциплинировать; воспитывать; развивать

to form the mind — развивать ум

to form the character — воспитывать характер

32. v формировать, организовывать; образовывать, создавать

to form a class for beginners — создать группу начинающих

to form an army — формировать армию

to form a government — формировать правительство

to form a society — организовывать общество

to form a ministry — сформировать кабинет

33. v воен. строить

to form a column — вытягиваться в колонну

form up — строиться

to form a crowd into rank — построить толпу

to form a guard of honour — выстроить почётный караул

34. v воен. строиться

35. v спец. формовать

36. v спец. сад. обрезать, подвергать обрезке; формировать крону

забираться, забиваться в нору

to form and display an intention — сформировать и обнаружить намерение, умысел

Синонимический ряд:

1. appearance (noun) appearance; body; build; cast; configuration; conformation; cut; figure; format; framework; matrix; plan; shape; structure; style

2. business form (noun) application; blank; business form; document; duplicate; paper; questionnaire; report

3. ceremony (noun) ceremonial; ceremony; conformity; formality; liturgy; rite; ritual; rule

4. convenance (noun) convenance; convention; usage

5. formula (noun) approach; formula; method; mode; practice; procedure; system

6. group (noun) assemblage; group; organisation; organization

7. kind (noun) arrangement; kind; manner; sort; type

8. model (noun) model; mold; mould; pattern

9. order (noun) condition; fitness; order; trim

10. acquire (verb) acquire; contract; develop

11. arrange (verb) arrange; combine; dispose; order; organise; organize; systematise; systematize

12. cast (verb) carve; cast; chisel; construct; contrive; design; devise; fashion; frame; mold; pattern

13. make (verb) assemble; build; compose; comprise; constitute; create; erect; fabricate; forge; invent; make; make up; manufacture; originate; produce; put together; shape

14. model (verb) model; mould; shape

15. teach (verb) discipline; educate; instruct; rear; teach; train

Антонимический ряд:

damage; defacement; deform; deformity; demolish; derange; destroy; devastate; disarrange; disintegrate; dislocate; dismantle; dismember

English-Russian base dictionary > form
16 mould

1. n форма; лекало, шаблон

skin-dry sand mould — поверхностно высушенная литейная форма

running mould — шаблон для вытягивания карнизов и профилей

centrifugal casting mould — форма для центробежного литья

air-dry sand mould — высушенная на воздухе литейная форма

releasing the mould — открывание формы для выпуска газов

2. n метал. литейная форма, изложница, мельда

inject into the mould — отливать в форму

injecting into a mould — отливка в форму

mould drag — нижняя часть литейной формы

temporary mould — разовая литейная форма

vacuum mould — вакуумированная изложница

3. n метал. редк. отливка

drip mould — отлив

injecting into the mould — отливка в форму

4. n метал. полигр. матрица

female mould — матрица

wax mould — восковая матрица

5. n метал. стр. опалубка для бетона

gum drop mould — изложница для капельного опробывания свинца

mould closer — приспособление для сборки литейных форм

release the mould — открывать форму для выпуска газов

bag mould — форма для вулканизации варочных камер

board mould — форма для черпания листов картона

6. n метал. архит. багет; калёвка, профиль; раскладка

7. n метал. пудинг или желе, приготовленные в форме

injected into the mould — отлил в форму; отлитый в форму

injected into a mould — отлил в форму; отлитый в форму

to deliver a pattern from the mould — вынуть из формы

semi-permanent mould — полупостоянная литейная форма

multiuse mould — форма многократного использования

8. n метал. характер

cast in the same mould — одинаковый ;

9. v отливать в форму, формовать

to mould in wax — лепить в воске

ice mould — форма для льда

loam mould — глиняная форма

master mould — исходная форма

mould crack — трещина в форме

split mould — разъемная форма

10. v формовать; разделывать

she moulded the dough into loaves — она формовала буханки из теста

11. v делать по шаблону

12. v формировать; создавать

his character was moulded by experience — его характер сложился под влиянием жизненного опыта

13. n взрыхлённая земля

14. n с. -х. перегной, гумус

15. n поэт. уст. земля, почва

on Scottish mould — на шотландской земле

16. n поэт. диал. могила

17. n поэт. уст. прах

man of mould — простой смертный

18. v насыпать землю; засыпать землёй

19. n плесень; плесенный грибок

the mould of time — пыль веков

mould stain — пятно плесени

water mould — водяная плесень

mould growth — образование плесени

mould formation — образование плесени

20. v покрываться плесенью; плесневеть

cheese moulds in warm damp weather — в тёплую сырую погоду сыр покрывается плесенью

21. v оставаться без употребления

these books lie moulding — эти книги лежат без применения, этими книгами не пользуются

Синонимический ряд:

1. form (noun) cavity; die; form; matrix; model; pattern; shape

2. fungus (noun) decay; fungus; mildew; parasite

3. order (noun) breed; cast; caste; character; class; cut; description; distinctive nature; feather; ilk; kind; lot; manner; nature; order; persuasion; sort; species; stamp; stripe; type; variety

4. decay (verb) break up; crumble; decay; decompose; mildew; moulder; putrefy; rot; rust; spoil

5. form (verb) form; model; shape

6. influence (verb) bend; convert; develop; govern; influence; transfigure; transform

7. make (verb) assemble; build; construct; fabricate; fashion; forge; form; frame; make; manufacture; model; produce; put together; shape

English-Russian base dictionary > mould
17 Smith, Sir Francis Pettit

SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping

[br]

b. 9 February 1808 Copperhurst Farm, near Hythe, Kent, England

d. 12 February 1874 South Kensington, London, England

[br]

English inventor of the screw propeller.

[br]

Smith was the only son of Charles Smith, Postmaster at Hythe, and his wife Sarah (née Pettit). After education at a private school in Ashford, Kent, he took to farming, first on Romney Marsh, then at Hendon, Middlesex. As a boy, he showed much skill in the construction of model boats, especially in devising their means of propulsion. He maintained this interest into adult life and in 1835 he made a model propelled by a screw driven by a spring. This worked so well that he became convinced that the screw propeller offered a better method of propulsion than the paddle wheels that were then in general use. This notion so fired his enthusiasm that he virtually gave up farming to devote himself to perfecting his invention. The following year he produced a better model, which he successfully demonstrated to friends on his farm at Hendon and afterwards to the public at the Adelaide Gallery in London. On 31 May 1836 Smith was granted a patent for the propulsion of vessels by means of a screw.

The idea of screw propulsion was not new, however, for it had been mooted as early as the seventeenth century and since then several proposals had been advanced, but without successful practical application. Indeed, simultaneously but quite independently of Smith, the Swedish engineer John Ericsson had invented the ship's propeller and obtained a patent on 13 July 1836, just weeks after Smith. But Smith was completely unaware of this and pursued his own device in the belief that he was the sole inventor.

With some financial and technical backing, Smith was able to construct a 10 ton boat driven by a screw and powered by a steam engine of about 6 hp (4.5 kW). After showing it off to the public, Smith tried it out at sea, from Ramsgate round to Dover and Hythe, returning in stormy weather. The screw performed well in both calm and rough water. The engineering world seemed opposed to the new method of propulsion, but the Admiralty gave cautious encouragement in 1839 by ordering that the 237 ton Archimedes be equipped with a screw. It showed itself superior to the Vulcan, one of the fastest paddle-driven ships in the Navy. The ship was put through its paces in several ports, including Bristol, where Isambard Kingdom Brunel was constructing his Great Britain, the first large iron ocean-going vessel. Brunel was so impressed that he adapted his ship for screw propulsion.

Meanwhile, in spite of favourable reports, the Admiralty were dragging their feet and ordered further trials, fitting Smith's four-bladed propeller to the Rattler, then under construction and completed in 1844. The trials were a complete success and propelled their lordships of the Admiralty to a decision to equip twenty ships with screw propulsion, under Smith's supervision.

At last the superiority of screw propulsion was generally accepted and virtually universally adopted. Yet Smith gained little financial reward for his invention and in 1850 he retired to Guernsey to resume his farming life. In 1860 financial pressures compelled him to accept the position of Curator of Patent Models at the Patent Museum in South Kensington, London, a post he held until his death. Belated recognition by the Government, then headed by Lord Palmerston, came in 1855 with the grant of an annual pension of £200. Two years later Smith received unofficial recognition when he was presented with a national testimonial, consisting of a service of plate and nearly £3,000 in cash subscribed largely by the shipbuilding and engineering community. Finally, in 1871 Smith was honoured with a knighthood.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Knighted 1871.

Further Reading

Obituary, 1874, Illustrated London News (7 February).

1856, On the Invention and Progress of the Screw Propeller, London (provides biographical details).

Smith and his invention are referred to in papers in Transactions of the Newcomen Society, 14 (1934): 9; 19 (1939): 145–8, 155–7, 161–4, 237–9.

LRD

Biographical history of technology > Smith, Sir Francis Pettit
18 develop

1. transitive verb
1) (also Photog.) entwickeln; aufbauen [Handel, Handelszentrum]; entfalten [Persönlichkeit, Individualität]; erschließen [natürliche Ressourcen]

develop a business from scratch — ein Geschäft neu aufziehen

2) (expand; make more sophisticated) weiterentwickeln; ausbauen [Verkehrsnetz, System, Handel, Verkehr, Position]

develop something further — etwas weiterentwickeln

3) (begin to exhibit, begin to suffer from) annehmen [Gewohnheit]; bei sich entdecken [Vorliebe]; bekommen [Krankheit, Fieber, Lust]; entwickeln [Talent, Stärke]; erkranken an (+ Dat.) [Krebs, Tumor]

develop a taste for something — Geschmack an etwas (Akk.) finden

the car developed a fault — an dem Wagen ist ein Defekt aufgetreten

4) (construct buildings etc. on, convert to new use) erschließen; sanieren [Altstadt]
2. intransitive verb
1) sich entwickeln ( from aus; into zu); [Defekt, Symptome, Erkrankungen:] auftreten

2) (become fuller) sich [weiter]entwickeln ( into zu)

* * *
[di'veləp]
past tense, past participle - developed; verb

1) (to (cause to) grow bigger or to a more advanced state: The plan developed slowly in his mind; It has developed into a very large city.) (sich) entwickeln

2) (to acquire gradually: He developed the habit of getting up early.) (sich) entwickeln

3) (to become active, visible etc: Spots developed on her face.) (sich) entwickeln

4) (to use chemicals to make (a photograph) visible: My brother develops all his own films.) entwickeln

•

- academic.ru/20049/development">development

* * *

de·vel·op

[dɪˈveləp]

I. vi

1. (grow) sich akk entwickeln ( into zu + dat); abilities sich akk entfalten

the whole affair might \develop into a scandal die ganze Sache könnte sich zu einem Skandal auswachsen

to \develop further weiterentwickeln

2. (come into being) friendship, misunderstanding entstehen; difficulties, doubts auftreten

3. (show) sich akk zeigen, auftreten

4. PHOT film entwickelt werden

II. vt

1. (create)

▪ to \develop sth etw erarbeiten [o ausarbeiten]

to \develop sth further etw weiterentwickeln

to \develop a drug/product/technology ein Arzneimittel/ein Produkt/eine Technologie entwickeln

to \develop a plan/programme einen Plan/ein Programm ausarbeiten

2. (improve)

to \develop an idea/a policy/a strategy eine Vorstellung/eine Politik/eine Strategie entwickeln

to \develop muscles Muskeln bilden

to \develop one's muscles sich dat Muskeln antrainieren, seine Muskeln stärken

to \develop one's skills/talents seine Fähigkeiten/Talente weiterentwickeln

3. (show)

▪ to \develop sth etw zeigen [o an den Tag legen]

she's \developed some very strange habits sie hat einige sehr merkwürdige Gewohnheiten angenommen

4. (suffer from)

▪ to \develop sth etw bekommen [o entwickeln]

to \develop an allergy to sth eine Allergie gegen etw akk entwickeln

5. ARCHIT (build)

to \develop a land site ein Gelände erschließen [und bebauen]

they are going to \develop this area into a shopping complex sie haben vor, auf diesem Gelände ein Einkaufszentrum zu errichten

6. PHOT

to \develop a film einen Film entwickeln

7. MUS (elaborate)

to \develop a theme ein Thema entwickeln [o durchführen

8. CHESS

to \develop a piece eine Figur [auf ein anderes Feld] ziehen

* * *
[dɪ'veləp]
1. vt

1) mind, body entwickeln

2) argument, thesis, outlines (weiter)entwickeln, weiter ausführen; original idea (weiter)entwickeln; plot of novel (= unfold) entfalten; (= fill out) weiterentwickeln, ausbauen; (MUS) theme durchführen

3) natural resources, region, ground, new estate erschließen; old part of a town sanieren; new series, new model entwickeln; business (from scratch) aufziehen; (= expand) erweitern, ausbauen

they plan to develop this area into a... — es ist geplant, dieses Gebiet als... zu erschließen

4) liking, taste, talent entwickeln; cold sich (dat) zuziehen

5) (PHOT, MATH) entwickeln

2. vi

1) (person, region, country) sich entwickeln

to develop into sth — sich zu etw entwickeln, etw werden

2) (illness, tendency, feeling) sich entwickeln; (talent, plot etc) sich entfalten

3) (PHOT) entwickelt werden

4) (event, situation) sich entwickeln

it later developed that he had never seen her — später stellte sich heraus or zeigte es sich, dass er sie nie gesehen hatte

* * *

develop [dıˈveləp]

A v/t

1. eine Theorie etc entwickeln:

develop faculties Fähigkeiten entwickeln oder entfalten;

develop muscles Muskeln entwickeln oder bilden

2. etwas werden lassen, gestalten ( beide:

into zu)

3. sich eine Krankheit zuziehen:

develop bladder cancer (a fever) Blasenkrebs (Fieber) bekommen

4. eine hohe Geschwindigkeit etc entwickeln, erreichen

5. eine Industrie etc fördern, entwickeln, ausbauen

6. Naturschätze, auch Bauland erschließen, nutzbar machen, eine Altstadt etc sanieren

7. einen Gedanken, Plan etc, auch ein Verfahren entwickeln, ausarbeiten

8. MATH

a) eine Gleichung etc entwickeln

b) eine Fläche abwickeln

9. MUS ein Thema entwickeln, durchführen

10. FOTO entwickeln

11. MIL einen Angriff eröffnen

B v/i

1. sich entwickeln ( from aus):

develop into sich entwickeln oder auswachsen oder ausweiten oder gestalten zu, zu etwas werden

2. (langsam) werden, entstehen, sich entfalten

3. zutage treten, sich zeigen,

* * *
1. transitive verb
1) (also Photog.) entwickeln; aufbauen [Handel, Handelszentrum]; entfalten [Persönlichkeit, Individualität]; erschließen [natürliche Ressourcen]

develop a business from scratch — ein Geschäft neu aufziehen

2) (expand; make more sophisticated) weiterentwickeln; ausbauen [Verkehrsnetz, System, Handel, Verkehr, Position]

develop something further — etwas weiterentwickeln

3) (begin to exhibit, begin to suffer from) annehmen [Gewohnheit]; bei sich entdecken [Vorliebe]; bekommen [Krankheit, Fieber, Lust]; entwickeln [Talent, Stärke]; erkranken an (+ Dat.) [Krebs, Tumor]

develop a taste for something — Geschmack an etwas (Akk.) finden

the car developed a fault — an dem Wagen ist ein Defekt aufgetreten

4) (construct buildings etc. on, convert to new use) erschließen; sanieren [Altstadt]
2. intransitive verb
1) sich entwickeln ( from aus; into zu); [Defekt, Symptome, Erkrankungen:] auftreten

2) (become fuller) sich [weiter]entwickeln ( into zu)

* * *

(into) v.

sich ausweiten (zu) v.

sich herausbilden (zu) v. v.

entfalten v.

entstehen v.

entwickeln v.

erarbeiten v.

erschließen (Bauland, Gebiet) v.

nutzbar machen ausdr.

sich ausprägen v.

sich entfalten v.

sich entwickeln v.

sich formen v.

sich weiterentwickeln v.

English-german dictionary > develop
19 assemble

[ə'sembl] 1.
verbo transitivo

1) (gather) riunire, radunare [ people]; mettere assieme [ data]; mescolare [ ingredients]

2) (construct) assemblare

easy to assemble — facile da montare
2.
verbo intransitivo riunirsi

* * *
[ə'sembl]
verb

1) ((of people) to come together: The crowd assembled in the hall.) riunirsi

2) (to call or bring together: He assembled his family and told them of his plan.) riunire

3) (to put together (a machine etc): He assembled the model aeroplane.) assemblare, montare

•

- assembly

* * *
[ə'sembl] 1.
verbo transitivo

1) (gather) riunire, radunare [ people]; mettere assieme [ data]; mescolare [ ingredients]

2) (construct) assemblare

easy to assemble — facile da montare
2.
verbo intransitivo riunirsi

English-Italian dictionary > assemble
20 build

1. n форма, стиль постройки

to contract to build a house — заключить договор на постройку дома

2. n строение, конструкция

custom build — построение на заказ

3. n телосложение

a man of sturdy build — человек крепкого телосложения

a man of Herculean build — человек мощного телосложения

a man of solid build — человек крепкого телосложения

athletic build — атлетическое телосложение

4. n стр. вертикальный шов кладки

5. v строить, сооружать

to build a railway — строить железную дорогу

to build on sand — строить на песке

6. v складывать; разводить

to build a fire — развести огонь; зажечь костёр

7. v вделывать, встраивать, вмуровывать

a cupboard built into a wall — шкаф, встроенный в стену

build in — встраивать

8. v строиться

where are you going to build? — где вы собираетесь строиться?

build built — строить; сооружать

9. v вить

10. v создавать

to build plans — строить планы

to build up a reputation — создавать репутацию

build on — создавать; основыват; основыватся

build up the defenses — создавать оборону

11. v разг. делать, шить

to build a coat — сделать пальто

to build up hairdos with back combing — делать начёс

12. v основывать

you must build your theory upon facts — ваша теория должна основываться на фактах

13. v основываться, полагаться

to build upon a promise — полагаться на обещание

Синонимический ряд:

1. constitution (noun) constitution; frame; structure

2. figure (noun) figure; form; shape

3. physique (noun) habit; habitus; physique

4. found (verb) base; be the founder; constitute; establish; formulate; found; ground; institute; organise; organize; originate; predicate; rest; root in; seat

5. increase (verb) aggrandize; amplify; augment; beef up; boost; burgeon; compound; enlarge; escalate; expand; extend; grow; heighten; increase; magnify; manifold; mount; multiply; plus; push; rise; run up; snowball; swell; upsurge; wax

6. make (verb) assemble; construct; create; erect; fabricate; fashion; forge; form; frame; make; manufacture; model; mold; mould; produce; put together; put up; raise; rear; set up; shape; uprear

7. raise (verb) construct; erect; put up; raise

Антонимический ряд:

demolish; destroy

English-Russian base dictionary > build

Страницы

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construct model

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construct model

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